| 1 | Object-Space Telecentric | Chief rays are approximately parallel in object space, reducing perspective error and dimensional variation caused by object height. | Precision measurement of machined parts, connectors, molded components, and electronic packages. | Commonly fixed magnifications from approximately 0.1× to 10×. | Stable object dimensions across a defined depth range. | Usually requires more optical space than a conventional lens. |
| 2 | Image-Space Telecentric | Chief rays are approximately parallel on the image side, helping maintain consistent image scale at the sensor. | Sensor inspection, optical testing, and systems where image-side geometry is critical. | Application-dependent; commonly used with fixed-focus imaging systems. | Improves sensor-side measurement consistency and illumination uniformity. | Does not eliminate all object-side perspective distortion. |
| 3 | Bi-Telecentric | Chief rays are designed to be parallel in both object space and image space. | High-accuracy gauging, dimensional metrology, semiconductor inspection, and precision assembly. | Often available in fixed magnifications from approximately 0.1× to 4×. | Provides strong control of magnification, perspective, and distortion. | Higher cost, larger size, and lower flexibility than standard imaging lenses. |
| 4 | Macro Telecentric | Telecentric optical geometry is optimized for close working distances and detailed imaging of small objects. | Micro-components, precision springs, medical parts, and small molded products. | Typically approximately 0.5× to 5×, depending on working distance and sensor format. | High-resolution inspection with reduced edge measurement error. | Limited depth of field at high magnification. |
| 5 | Coaxial-Illumination Telecentric | The optical path permits on-axis illumination through a beam splitter or integrated coaxial lighting arrangement. | Flat reflective surfaces, wafers, glass panels, printed markings, and polished metal parts. | Commonly approximately 0.1× to 2×. | Reduces shadows and improves contrast on flat, reflective targets. | Integrated illumination may increase system cost and optical length. |
| 6 | Liquid-Lens-Compatible Telecentric System | A telecentric imaging group is combined with an electrically tunable focus element for rapid focus adjustment. | Automated inspection lines requiring fast changes between object heights or inspection stations. | Usually designed around a defined magnification and sensor format. | Fast electronic focusing with fewer mechanical movements. | Focus range, resolution, and optical quality depend on the tunable element. |
| 7 | Low-Distortion Telecentric | Optical design prioritizes low geometric distortion across the usable field of view. | PCB inspection, dimensional gauging, barcode verification, and coordinate-based measurement. | Frequently approximately 0.1× to 1×. | Supports reliable pixel-to-dimension calibration over a broad image area. | Low distortion can require additional lens elements and a larger housing. |
| 8 | Long Working-Distance Telecentric | The optical design maintains telecentric behavior while providing additional clearance between the lens and target. | Hot components, moving production lines, deep cavities, and inspection systems with mechanical obstructions. | Commonly approximately 0.1× to 1×. | Improves mechanical access and protects the lens from contact or heat. | Longer working distance may reduce numerical aperture and light-gathering capability. |
| 9 | Large-Format Telecentric | The optical system is corrected to cover larger image sensors or wider fields while preserving telecentric characteristics. | Solar cells, display panels, large stamped parts, and web-based manufacturing inspection. | Often approximately 0.05× to 0.5×. | Covers a wide inspection area with consistent scale across the field. | Large diameter, weight, and lighting requirements can complicate installation. |
| 10 | Telecentric Line-Scan Lens | Telecentric imaging is optimized for line-scan sensors, maintaining stable magnification across the scanned width. | Continuous inspection of films, textiles, paper, batteries, glass, and metal strip products. | Commonly approximately 0.1× to 1×, depending on sensor geometry. | Supports uniform measurement during continuous web or conveyor movement. | Requires precise alignment between lens, sensor, lighting, and material motion. |